- Count View : 46
- آدرس کوتاه شده مقاله: https://bahareadab.com/article_id/2048
- کد IranDOI مقاله: IranDOI :10.irandoi.2002/bahareadab.2026 .19 .8224
volume Number : 19
number In Volume : 6
issue Number : 124
Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
volume Number 19،
number In Volume 6،
،
issue Number 124
Feeling of Inferiority and Compensation Mechanism in the Heroes of Samnameh and Bahmannameh from Adler’s Perspective
Nasrin Fahimi , Fatemeh Riahi (Author in Charge), Mozhdeh Shafiei
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Alfred Adler’s individual psychology, built around the two concepts of “feeling of inferiority” and “compensation mechanism,” provides an effective framework for uncovering the underlying motivations behind the actions of epic heroes. Building on this, the present study seeks to analyze and compare the process of the formation of the feeling of inferiority and the compensation mechanisms of the heroes of Samnameh and Bahmannameh.
METHODOLOGY: This study was conducted using a descriptive-analytical approach based on qualitative content analysis. The components of Adler’s theory feeling of inferiority, striving for superiority, and social interest were operationalized in the form of specific textual indicators, and the actions and speech of the heroes of the two poems, as the unit of analysis, were examined and compared with one another based on these indicators.
FINDINGS: The origin of the feeling of inferiority in Bahman is external and reputation-based in nature, and his compensation is mainly reactive, vengeful, and dominance-seeking. The feeling of deficiency in Sam arises mostly from comparison with his lineage and from emotional frustration, and his compensation takes on an affirmative and individual dimension. The examination of the secondary heroes also shows that the feeling of inferiority does not lead to a single outcome, but rather, depending on each character’s disposition, encompasses a range from self-sacrifice and resourcefulness to revenge and self-aggrandizement.
CONCLUSION: The fundamental distinction between the two poems lies not in the existence of the feeling of inferiority, but in the quality and direction of its compensation. Bahmannameh is built upon a reactive compensation model, while Samnameh is built upon an affirmative compensation model.
Keyword
feeling of inferiority
, compensation mechanism
, social interest
, Adler’s individual psychology
, Samnameh
, Bahmannameh.
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