Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
volume Number 16، number In Volume 7، October 2023 ، issue Number 89

Form and form avoidance in Persian postmodern Ghazal

Yasin Kakavand , Nahid Azizi (Author in Charge), Mohammad Reza Rouzbeh , Hojatolah Gh Moniri

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Form is the form of order used to express the content of literary and artistic works. Absence of form in poetry is distancing from the effects and principles of order and disrupting and breaking the texture and meaning of the poem. The aim of the research is to investigate and introduce the components of form avoidance in postmodern sonnets with a descriptive-analytical method.

METHODOLOGY: In order to understand the connection of literature in different eras and the degree of changeability and production of various forms and literary anomalies, this study has been carried out with an analytical and comparative method. The present essay, using the descriptive-analytical method and using library studies, has analyzed the postmodern lyric poetry of the following poets: Mohammad Sa’eed Mirzaei, Seyyed Mehdi Mousavi, Azadeh Besharti, Vahid Najafi, Bahman Ansari, Fatemeh Ekhtesari, Asqar Ma’soumi and Elham Mizban.

FINDINGS: In the linguistic and literary part, the signs of postmodernism in the poems of Besharti, Najafi, Mirzaei, Mousavi, Ekhtasari, Ansari and Mizban in the form of manipulation of the lines and rhymes of the ghazal, the use of self-made, unintelligible words, alien, strange and original imagery, expressing the imagination and desire of the poet in the sentences of the sonnet, deviation from the rules of syntax, phonetics and writing and grammar of the Persian language.

CONCLUSION: In this research, these results have been obtained that the most significant methods of form avoidance in postmodern sonnets are phonetic and linguistic breaks, visual breaks, tongue twisters, breaking the border between truth and illusion, abnormal change of rhyme, row and syntax along with innovation and There are changes that are used to fight against the tradition and to express better and more easily the intention and mental meaning.

Keyword
Form , Form avoidance , postmodern sonnet , The seventies , norm avoidance

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